如何开展水电维修服务
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">住在城镇的居民，家中或多或少都会碰上水喉漏水、马桶阻塞、电源短路或线路断电等故障，尽管家里、邻居有许多男子汉，而且不乏高学历的天之骄子，全碰上这些问题却显得束手无策，惹得主妇们大骂自己的丈夫</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。其实，俗话说得好，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">隔行如隔山</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，既然水电维修技术不算复杂，而又有着广泛的社会需求，有一技之长者不妨试试。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目标顾客</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">广大城镇绝大部分家庭都用上了水电。郊区、农林地区相当部分的人口也用上了自来水；至于电力，除少部分边远山区外，大部分地区也通了电。可以说，水电维修这门行业有着相当广泛的社会需求。这方面的服务需求并不仅仅限于家庭，许多小型的企，事业单位在这方面也急需得到服务。所以，只要是人口相对比较集中的城镇，都适合开设水电维修服务中心，有条件的业者可租店开张，手上无一定资本但有技术的人则可以在家开业，适当地做些宣传推介，一样可以打开局面。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务价格</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">水电维修服务的项目，包括维修厨房和厕所里的一切供水设备</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如水喉、马桶、水暖器材、热水器</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，电路方面以维修</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>220V</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">家庭照明电路故障为主</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如电路短路、烧表、漏电、电线老化、更换漏电保护开关和继电器等</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。至于家用电器的维修，必须具备厚实的电子电路甚至电脑检修技术，而且必须具有相关的精密仪器，一般人是无法胜任这项工作的。但是，一些小家电如电吹风、台灯、电风扇，挂灯，抽油烟机等技术含量不高的电器，只要稍懂电路基础知识皆可胜任，所以若顾客家中有这类维修服务需求，不妨接下这个活。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其实，水电维修的生意俯拾即是，这种业务不怕没有活可干，也无旺季淡季之分，一年四季都有接活的机会。干这门生意，有时会忙得连上厕所的时间都没有。为了获得稳定的客源和收入，不妨实行会员制服务收费，具体办法如下：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以家庭为单位，水电全方位上门包干服务。每个家庭交费一次服务一年，或交费一次服务一季。凡办理会员证的家庭，一年或一季之内如无水电设备损坏的，可顺延至下一年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">季</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">继续使用。收费标准按当地生活水平高低制定，一般定在每年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>260-360</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元之间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不包括更换零配件的费用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，每季</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>70—90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元之间。由于先交费后提供服务的方式不一定容易被顾客接受，可以设定预备会员，凡第一次接受维修服务的顾客都自动成为预备会员，发放会员卡，不须交费，下次提供服务后再转为正式会员，届时再收取费用不迟。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">至于零散顾客的收费，也应该遵循</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多干广收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的原则。所谓多干，即多接活，即使小小的活也接；所谓广收，并不是说宰你的顾客，而是积少成多的意思。那种无须更换零配件的维修活，收费绝不能太高。一般来说，维修电路比维修供水设备的收费要高一些，消耗同样时间，前者的收费比后者要高出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">％</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>—50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">％，这已是一种约定俗成的行规。这个原因可能要归根于照明电路的维修比供水设备的维修含有更多的技术成分在里面。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经营策略</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">水电维修可以开店经营，可以在家经营，也可以在业余时间以第二职业的方式与别人合伙经营。由于这门行业是技术活，政府规定操作者须取得相关的证书才能开展业务，所以服务者本身必须是行内人士。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">特别是电路方面，不懂行的人千万别鲁莽行事，否则极容易出事。开张前，经营者或合作人最好到培训中心接受培训，考取证书</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电气维修上岗证</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，这样才能领取到营业执照，顾客对你才有信心。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为了在顾客心中建立你的信誉，每次维修完毕都应在收据上注明更换的零配件名称、修理项目、价格，使对方一目了然，从心里感到踏实，这种明码实价的举动并不费多太功夫，但却能让顾客很放心，不致产生上当挨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">宰</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的感觉。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与其他在家经营的项目一样，水电维修业务宜先做宣传，使周围的居民、单位知道你的存在，然后才能接到生意。具体的宣传推介方法：一是派发小型海报到各家各户的收信箱，二是在市场．交通要道或公共告示栏张贴广告，写清楚你的地址和联系电话、服务项目，广告词句宜通俗易懂。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">开张成本</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">开展此项业务，所需工具主要是台虎钳、扳手、弓锯、万能表、电笔、不同型号的螺丝刀以及一些常用小零配件。工具方面的投资非常少，如果你曾经从事过这类工作，则使用现成工具即可，若全套购置，花费了不过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多元而已。将申请营业执照费用、宣传推介费用及其他杂费计算在内，总超高频开张成本为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3000—3500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元之间。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赢利前景</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">维修服务以自己的一技之长赚钱，投入成本相当低，而收入较稳定。开业之初，尚处于开拓业务阶段，每月纯收入在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多元，约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个月后局面打开，业务量多，每月纯收入可以增至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多元。由于投入少，基本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>-</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">亡你的营业额就是纯收益，扣除税金</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>?</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">利润率可在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">％。</SPAN></P>
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